Global warming means the change of surface temperature from 1880 to 2016. Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth’s climate system and its related effects. Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Many of the observed changes since the 1950’s are unprecedented over tens to thousands of years.
In 2014, the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) fifth assessment report
concluded that, “it is extremely likely that human influence has been that
dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid 20th century”.
The most harmful human influence has been emission of green house gases- such
as carbon di oxide, methane, nitrous oxide and CFC. Our activities have led to
carbon di oxide concentrations above levels not seen in hundreds of thousands
of years. Climate model projections summarized in their report that during the
21st century the temperature of the global surface has increases
further 0.3 degree C to 1.7 degree C (0.5F to 3.1F) for their lowest emissions
scenario and 2.6 degree C to 4.8degree C(4.7F to 8.6F) for the highest
emissions scenario. These researches have been recognized by the national
science academics of the major industrialized nations and are not disputed by
any scientific board of national or international standing.
Future climate change and associate impacts will differ from
region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming the
temperature of the earth, rising the sea water levels, precipitation and
expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Global warming expected to be greater
over land than over the oceans and greatest in the Arctic of glaciers,
permafrost and sea ice.
Possible societal responses to global warming include
mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems
resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most
countries are parties to the United Nation Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC), whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic
climate change. Parties to the United Nation Framework Convention on Climate
Change have agreed that deeps cuts in emissions are required and that global warming
should be limited to well below 2.0 degree C (3.6F) relative to preindustrial
levels with efforts made to limit warming to 1.5 degree C(2.7F).
Public reaction to global warming and concern about its
effects are also increasing. A global 2015 few research center reports shown a
medium of 54% consider it “a very serious problem”.
Effects of Global
Warming: There are two types of effects of global warming-
a) Present
time effects of global warming.
b) Future
time effects of global warming.
The effects of global
warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly and
indirectly) by human emissions of green house gases. There is a scientific
consensus that climate change is occurring, and that humans activities are the
primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed,
including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events, and
changes in agricultural productivity.
Future effects of climate changes will vary depending or climate
change policies and social development. The two main policies to address
climate change are reducing human green house gas emissions (climate change
mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geongineering is another policy option.
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